![]() In order to preserve and guarantee the quality of certain vinegars associated with specific geographical areas, the European Union recognizes these vinegars with the category of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) (Council Regulation (EC) 510/2006). Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO).
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